Trauma

Psychological trauma is a response to an event that a person finds highly stressful. Examples include being in a war zone, a natural disaster, or an accident. Trauma can cause a wide range of physical and emotional symptoms.

Unlike other types of mental health conditions, traumatic disorders have a clear cause. These disorders can cause symptoms that are similar to other conditions, such as anxiety disorders or depression. A mental health care provider can help you get an accurate diagnosis, so you can get the best possible treatment.

Types of Trauma

Acute trauma:

This results from a single stressful or dangerous event.

Chronic trauma:

This results from repeated and prolonged exposure to highly stressful events. Examples include cases of child abuse, bullying, or domestic violence.

Complex trauma:

This results from exposure to multiple traumatic events.

Symptoms of Trauma

People who experience persistent or severe symptoms of trauma should seek help from a mental health professional. It is especially important to seek help if the trauma symptoms interfere with daily functioning or relationships with others.

Emotional & psychological symptoms:

• Shock, denial, or disbelief
• Confusion, difficulty concentrating
• Anger, irritability, mood swings
• Anxiety and fear
• Guilt, shame, self-blame
• Withdrawing from others
• Feeling sad or hopeless
• Feeling disconnected or numb

Physical symptoms:

• Insomnia or nightmares
• Fatigue
• Being startled easily
• Difficulty concentrating
• Racing heartbeat
• Edginess and agitation
• Aches and pains
• Muscle tension

Therapy for Trauma

Therapy is a first-line treatment for trauma. Ideally, an individual will work with a trauma informed or trauma focused therapist. Common therapies for trauma include cognitive behavioral therapy, eye movement desensitization and reprocessing (EMDR), and somatic experiencing.

Seek help for trauma if you’re:

• Having trouble functioning at home or work
• Suffering from severe fear, anxiety, or depression
• Unable to form close, satisfying relationships
• Experiencing terrifying memories, nightmares, or flashbacks
• Avoiding more and more anything that reminds you of the trauma
• Emotionally numb and disconnected from others
• Using alcohol or drugs to feel better